巴西专利BR102015000314B1 EQUIPMENT FOR EXTRUDING MATERIAL

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专利摘要:
apparatus, and method for extruding material. one aspect of the description relates to an apparatus (320) including an extrusion nozzle (300). the nozzle (300) includes an inlet end (301), an outlet end (302) opposite the inlet end (301) and a geometry axis (303) extending between the inlet end (301) and the end output (302). the extrusion nozzle (300) is configured to rotate around the geometry axis (303). the extrusion nozzle (300) also includes a rotatable actuating engagement portion (305) between the inlet end (301) and the outlet end (302). the extrusion nozzle (300) additionally includes a cavity (304) including an inlet opening (304a) at the inlet end (301) and an outlet opening (304b) at the outlet end (302). the inlet opening (304a) has a different configuration than the outlet opening (304b).
公开号:BR102015000314B1
申请号:R102015000314-5
申请日:2015-01-07
公开日:2020-06-16
发明作者:Ty A. Larsen；Richard E. Murrish
申请人:The Boeing Company；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

“EQUIPMENT FOR EXTRUDING MATERIAL” BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[001] Fused deposition modeling includes extruding material through a nozzle and depositing the material on a layered or globule platform. The outlet holes of most commercially available extrusion nozzles are circular, thus limiting the contact area between the deposited layers and thereby reducing the strength of the final part. In some cases, the nozzles are provided with non-circular holes. However, such nozzles are oriented in relation to the workpiece using passive orientation techniques. For example, orientation of the nozzle towards the workpiece can be provided passively by a repair guide that extends from the nozzle and follows the side surface of a previously deposited globule of material. Nozzles including a repair guide can limit the shapes of parts produced by casting by casting because the repair guide cannot be able to follow the contours of the workpiece precisely and can immerse itself in the previously deposited material as the nozzle moves along the workpiece, damaging the workpiece and / or the nozzle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[002] In this way, an apparatus and method of extrusion, designed to address the problems identified above, would find use.
[003] An example of the present description relates to an apparatus including an extrusion nozzle. The nozzle includes an inlet end, an outlet end opposite the inlet end and a geometrical axis extending between the inlet end and the outlet end. The extrusion nozzle is configured to rotate around the geometric axis. The extrusion nozzle also includes a rotatable engagement portion between the inlet end and the outlet end. The extrusion nozzle additionally includes a cavity including a
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 6/66 / 23 inlet opening at the inlet end and an outlet opening at the outlet end. The inlet opening has a different configuration than the outlet opening.
[004] An example of the present description refers to a method for extruding material. The method includes providing an extrusion nozzle that includes a rotatable actuating engagement portion, an inlet end, an inlet opening at the inlet end, an outlet end, and an outlet opening at the outlet end. The method also includes moving the extrusion nozzle along a tool path and simultaneously rotating the extrusion nozzle about a rotating geometry axis using the rotary actuating engagement portion to maintain the extrusion nozzle outlet opening in one predetermined orientation in relation to the tool path during material extrusion in the outlet opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[005] Having thus described examples of the description in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily made to scale, and in which equal reference characters designate equal or similar parts in the different views, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of aircraft production and service methodology according to aspects of this description;
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an aircraft;
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of an extrusion nozzle of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a portion of the extrusion nozzle of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
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Fig. 6 is a schematic side perspective view of the extrusion nozzle of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 7 is a schematic base perspective view of the extrusion nozzle of the apparatus of Fig. 6 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 8 is a schematic base plan view of the extrusion nozzle of the apparatus of Fig. 7 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 8A is a schematic elevation view of the extrusion nozzle of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a detail of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 10A is a schematic perspective view of a detail of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 11 is a schematic side elevation view of a detail of the apparatus of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of the extrusion nozzle and a heating element of Fig. 3 according to an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 13 is a schematic illustration of a portion of the extrusion nozzle of Fig. 3 depositing material along a tool path in accordance with an aspect of the present description;
Fig. 14 is a schematic illustration of deposited material
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 8/66 / 23 in accordance with an aspect of the present description; and
Fig. 15 is a block diagram of a method for extruding material according to an aspect of the present description.
[006] In the block diagram (s) above, solid lines connecting various elements and / or components can represent mechanical, electrical, fluidic, optical, electromagnetic couplings and other couplings and / or combinations thereof. In the form used here, “coupled” means directly associated, as well as indirectly. For example, an element A can be directly associated with an element B, or it can be indirectly associated with it, for example, by means of another element C. Couplings other than those represented in the block diagram (s) can also exist. Dashed lines, if any, connecting the various elements and / or components represent couplings similar in function and purpose to those represented by solid lines; however, couplings represented by dashed lines are both selectively provided and refer to alternative or optional aspects of the description. Similarly, any elements and / or components, represented with dashed lines, indicate alternative or optional aspects of the description. Environmental elements, if any, are represented with dotted lines.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[007] In the following description, numerous specific details are presented to provide a complete understanding of the concepts described, which can be practiced without some or all of these peculiarities. In other cases, details of known devices and / or processes have been omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description. Although some concepts will be described together with specific examples, it is understood that these examples should not be limiting.
[008] Reference here to “an example” or “an aspect” means
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 9/66 / 23 that one or more feature, structure or feature described with respect to the example or aspect is included in at least one implementation. The expression “an example” or “an aspect” in several places in the specification may or may not be referring to the same example or aspect.
[009] Examples of the description can be described in the context of an aircraft manufacturing and service method 100 shown in Fig. 1 and an aircraft 102 shown in Fig. 2. During pre-production, illustrative method 100 may include specification and design 104 of aircraft 102 and procurement of material 106. During production, component manufacturing and subassembly 108 and system integration 110 of aircraft 102 take place. Then, aircraft 102 can undergo certification and delivery 112 to be placed in service 114. While in service by a customer, aircraft 102 is scheduled for routine maintenance and service 116 (which may also include modification, reconfiguration, remodeling, and so on).
[0010] Each of the processes of illustrative method 100 can be done or performed by a system integrator, a third party and / or an operator (for example, a customer). For the purposes of this description, a system integrator may include, without limitation, any number of aircraft manufacturers and subcontractors to the main system; a third party may include, without limitation, any number of vendors, subcontractors and suppliers; and an operator can be an airline, rental company, military entity, service organization, and so on.
[0011] As shown in Fig. 2, aircraft 102 produced by illustrative method 100 may include an aircraft frame 118 with a plurality of high-level systems 120 and an interior 122. Examples of high-level systems 120 include one or more of a propulsion system 124, an electrical system 126, a hydraulic system 128 and an environmental system 130. Any number of other systems can be included.
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Although an aerospace example is shown, the principles of the description can be applied to other industries, such as the automotive and shipbuilding industries, among others.
[0012] Apparatus and methods shown or described here can be employed during any one or more of the stages of the manufacturing and service method 100. For example, components or subassemblies corresponding to the manufacture of component and subassembly 108 can be produced or manufactured in a manner similar to the components or subassemblies produced while aircraft 102 is in service. Also, one or more aspects of the apparatus, method, or a combination of these can be used during production stages 108 and 110, for example, substantially speeding up assembly or reducing the cost of aircraft 102. Similarly, one or more aspects of the outputs of the apparatus or method, or a combination thereof, may be used, for example, and without limitation, while aircraft 102 is in service, for example, maintenance and service 116.
[0013] Referring to Figs. 3 to 13 and in particular to Fig. 3, an example of the present description refers to an apparatus 320 including an extrusion nozzle 300. The nozzle includes an inlet end 301, an outlet end 302 opposite the end of inlet 301, and a geometry axis 303, extending between the inlet end 301 and the outlet end 302. The extrusion nozzle 300 is configured to rotate around the geometry axis 303. The extrusion nozzle 300 also includes a portion rotary drive hitch 305 between inlet end 301 and outlet end 302. Extrusion nozzle 300 additionally includes a cavity 304, including an inlet opening 304A at inlet end 301 and an outlet opening 304B at the end of output 302. Inlet opening 304A has a different configuration from outlet opening 304B. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 11/66 / 23 minus a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the extrusion nozzle is monolithic.
[0014] Referring to Fig. 8A, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the inlet opening 304A of cavity 304 is not shaped Circular. The non-circular shape can be any suitable shape, such as rectangular, triangular, or any other shape to facilitate the entry of material 720 (Fig. 9) into cavity 304 when material 720 is in the form of a filament with a cross section with a conjugated non-circular shape. Referring to Figs. 4, 6, 7 and 8, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the inlet opening 304A of cavity 304 has a circular shape that facilitates entry of material 720 (for example, Fig. 9) into cavity 304 when material 720 is in the form of a filament with a cross section also with a circular shape.
[0015] Referring, for example, to Fig. 5, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the outlet opening 304B of the cavity 304 has a non-circular shape configured, as shown in Fig. 14, to deposit globules 1210 of material 720, where each of globules 1210 has, for example, a rectangular cross section so that the undersides S4 of the subsequently deposited globules 1210 are parallel with the upper sides S3 of the previously deposited globules 1210, maximizing the contact area between the deposited layers and, thus, increasing the resistance of the final part, as will be described in more detail below.
[0016] Referring again to Fig. 5 and Figs. 13 and 14, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 12/66 / 23 any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the outlet opening 304B of the cavity 304 is a non-flat opening, such that the outlet opening 304B is formed in more than one portion of the extrusion nozzle 300. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the non-flat opening of outlet opening 304B is formed at least partially in a side portion 410 of the nozzle extruder 300 and is configured to extrude material 720 in an angled direction with respect to geometry axis 303 so that extruded material 720 is arranged in a previously deposited layer 1201 (Fig. 14) without stretching / thinning extruded material 720, for example example, because of the friction between the extruded material and the previously deposited layer 1201 and promoting a greater area of adhesion between layers (for example, because of the lack of stretching of material 720 as it is deposited). In addition to the side portion 410, the outlet opening can also be formed in a front portion 411.
[0017] Referring to Fig. 4, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the outlet opening 304B of cavity 304 has a circular shape to deposit material globules, for example, in channels or grooves with a semicircular cross section. Referring to Fig. 7, in one aspect, outlet opening 304B may be a flat opening configured to extrude material 720 in a direction substantially along geometry axis 303, or substantially parallel thereto.
[0018] Referring to Figs. 4, 6, 7 and 8, in one aspect of the description, which can include at least a portion of the matter from any of the examples and previous and / or following aspects, at least a portion of cavity 304 includes a circular cross section, for example , to facilitate the entry of material 720 (for example, Fig. 9) into cavity 304 when material 720 is
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 13/66 / 23 in the form of a filament with a circular cross-section. In one example, illustrated in Fig. 4, the cavity 304 has a circular cross section along its entire length. In another example, illustrated in Figs. 6 to 8, the cavity has a circular cross section over a portion of its length.
[0019] Referring again to Figs. 6 to 8, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, cavity 304 includes a non-circular cross section along a portion of its length, for example example, so that cavity 304 matches outlet opening 304B when outlet opening 304B has a corresponding non-circular shape. The circular and non-circular portions of cavity 304 have a mixed interface to facilitate the flow of material 720 through the cavity. Alternatively, the cavity 304 may have a non-circular cross section along its entire length. According to aspects of the present description, the circular and / or non-circular cross section of the cavity can allow different forms of inlet opening and outlet opening.
[0020] Referring, for example, to Figs. 6 to 8A, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, cavity 304 has a path 400 that is substantially linear to provide greater volumetric flow of material 720 through cavity 304. Referring to Figs. 4 and 12, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, path 400 is substantially non-linear. For example, referring to Fig. 4, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, path 400 of cavity 304 is a winding path. Still referring to Fig. 4, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 14/66 / 23 any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, a length of cavity 304 is greater than a length L1 of the extrusion nozzle 300. This configuration maximizes the exposure to heat (discussed below) of the material extruded in the cavity 304, allowing a reduction in the length of the nozzle 300 and / or the amount of energy required to heat the nozzle 300 and the material 720, which promotes compactness of the apparatus 320. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the With respect to any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, path 400 is a spiral path that serves to accommodate, inter alia, central placement of a heating element (described in detail below) within extrusion nozzle 300, making the assembly more compact and promoting uniform heat distribution within the extrusion nozzle 300.
[0021] Referring, for example, to Figs. 3, 4, 6, 7 and 12, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, cavity 304 includes a 304T taper, inter alia, to avoid an excessive pressure drop across cavity 304. Thus, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, cavity 304 is narrower near the end outlet 302 than near the inlet end 301. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the 304T taper is smooth to promote uniform material flow 720 along cavity 304.
[0022] Referring to Figs. 10, 10A and 11, respectively, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the rotatingly engaging engagement portion 305 of the extrusion nozzle 300 includes a a pulley 305B, a sprocket 305C or a gear 305A. On a
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 15/66 / 23 aspect of the description, which can include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the rotary actuating hitch portion 305 is symmetrical about geometry axis 303. For example, each of pulley 305B, sprocket 305C or gear 305A may be circular in shape and may have a geometrical axis of rotational symmetry coinciding with geometrical axis 303. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the rotary actuating engagement portion 305 at least partially circumscribes the geometry axis 303. In other words, with the nozzle 300 in a stationary state, the rotating actuating engagement portion 305 it can cover an angle of less than 360 degrees with respect to the 303 geometry axis.
[0023] Referring to Figs. 3, 4 and 12, in an aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the apparatus 320 additionally includes at least one heating element 315, thermally coupled with the extrusion nozzle 300. One or more heating elements 315 can be located in several suitable orientations with respect to extrusion nozzle 300. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, heating element or elements 315 can be located inside the nozzle extrusion 300 or, as shown in Fig. 12, may be external to extrusion nozzle 300. As shown in Fig. 12, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous examples and aspects and / or following, heating element 315 is further away from geometry axis 303 than cavity 304. For example, heating element 315 can be externally adjacent to side portion 410 of the extrusion nozzle 300. As shown in Fig. 4, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 16/66 / 23 heating 315 can be positioned at least partially inside the extrusion nozzle so that the cavity 304 involves at least one heating element 315. Referring, for example, to Fig. 4, in one aspect of the description , which can include at least a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, path 400 of cavity 304 is a spiral path positioned around at least one heating element 315, which can be arranged by least partially within the extrusion nozzle 300.
[0024] Referring to Fig. 9, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, apparatus 320 is a three-dimensional printing system that includes a construction platform 323 with construction plan 700. Apparatus 320 also includes a printing unit 310 which includes extrusion nozzle 300. Printing unit 310 and construction platform 323 are mobile relative to each other. The apparatus 320 may include a frame 320F on which the construction platform 323 and the printing unit 310 are mounted. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the printing unit 310 additionally includes a rotary drive 314, configured to engage the rotary drive engagement portion 305 of the extrusion nozzle 300 and to rotate the extrusion nozzle 300 about the geometric axis 303. Referring to Figs. 10, 10A and 11, respectively, the rotary drive 314 may include one of a pulley 314B, a sprocket 314C or a gear 314A configured to engage one of the pulley 305B, sprocket 305C or corresponding gear 305A of the coupling portion of rotary drive 305. In one aspect of the description, which can include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, rotary drive 314 is configured to drive directly
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 17/66 / 23 the rotating actuating hitch portion 305 of the extrusion nozzle 300. Referring to Figs. 10 and 10A, respectively, in one aspect, rotary drive 314 can engage rotary drive engagement portion 305 through a belt 800 or chain 800A. Referring to Fig. 11, in another aspect of the description, the rotary drive 314 engages the rotary drive hitch portion 305 via a direct gear drive. In still other aspects, the rotary drive 314 can drive the rotary drive hitch portion 305 through any suitable transmission, such as a gearbox (not shown), so that the rotary drive hitch portion 305 runs faster or slower than rotary drive 314.
[0025] Referring to Figs. 10 and 11, the printing unit 310 may include a frame 310F which is movably mounted on the frame 320F. The extrusion nozzle 300 can be movably mounted on the frame 310F. Referring to Figs. 9, 11, and 12, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the printing unit 310 includes a feed unit 313 configured to provide material 720 at the inlet opening 304A of the extrusion nozzle 300. For example, the feed unit 313 may include drive wheels 313W that frictionally engage material 720 or are otherwise configured to move material 720 from a 720S material source (for example, a spool) and feed material 720 into inlet opening 304A of extrusion nozzle 300, where it can be softened or otherwise liquefied in any suitable manner, such as by one or more heating elements 315. In other respects , the material can be softened or otherwise liquefied by the feed unit before entering the extrusion nozzle.
[0026] Referring to Figs. 3 and 9, in one aspect of the description, which
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 18/66 / 23 can include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the printing unit 310 includes a first linear drive (geometric axis X) 311 and a second linear drive (geometric axis Y ) 312, configured to move the extrusion nozzle 300 on the construction plane 700, for example, along the frame 310F. In one example, the first linear drive 311 can be connected to the frame 310F and the second linear drive 312 can be connected to the frame 320F (or 310F) in any suitable manner, such as through any suitable drive transmission so that the first linear drive 311 and the second linear drive 312 perform movement of the extrusion nozzle 300 in the X and Y directions, as shown, for example, in Fig. 9. For example, the first linear drive 311 can be mounted on the frame 310F and move the extrusion nozzle 300 along frame 310F in the X direction with respect to construction platform 323. The second linear drive 312 can be mounted on frame 320F (or frame 310F) and move frame 310F relative to frame 320F so that the extrusion nozzle 300 move in the direction of the geometric axis Y in relation to the construction platform 323. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material in any of the examples and previous and / or next steps, the apparatus 320, for example, the three-dimensional printing system, also includes a third linear drive (geometric axis Z) 322 configured to move the construction platform 323 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the construction plan 700 In one example, the third linear drive 322 can be connected to the frame 320F. As shown in Fig. 9, for example, construction plan 700 can be an X-Y plan. The third linear drive 322 can be configured to move the construction platform 323 along the Z axis using any suitable linear drive mechanism. Referring to Figs. 3 and 9, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 19/66 / 23 minus a portion of the matter of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the apparatus 320, for example, three-dimensional printing system, includes a controller 321, configured to control the movement of the extrusion nozzle 300 and the extrusion of material 720 on the construction platform 323. In one example, the extrusion nozzle 300 can move on the construction plane 700. For example, the first, second and third linear drives 311, 312, 322 and the feed unit 313 they can be operationally connected in the controller 321 to move the extrusion nozzle 300 and control, for example, the flow of material 720 extruded by the extrusion nozzle 300.
[0027] Referring to Figs. 3, 9, 13, 14 and, in particular, Fig. 15, an example of the present description relates to a method for extruding material, for example, material 720. The method includes providing the extrusion nozzle 300 which includes the rotary drive hitch portion 305, the input end 301, the input opening 304A at the input end 301, the output end 302 and the output opening 304B at the output end 302 (Fig. 15, Block 1500) . The method also includes moving the extrusion nozzle 300 along the tool path 710 and simultaneously rotating the extrusion nozzle 300 around the rotary geometry axis 303 using the rotary actuating engagement portion 305 to maintain the nozzle outlet opening 304B extruder 300 in a predetermined orientation with respect to tool path 710 (Fig. 15, Block 1501) during extrusion of material 720 through outlet opening 304B (Fig. 15, Block 1502).
[0028] The description and figure (s) of the drawing describing the operations of the method (s) presented here should not necessarily be interpreted by determining a sequence of such operations. Instead, although an illustrative order is indicated, it should be understood that the sequence of operations can be modified when appropriate. Of that
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 20/66 / 23 way, certain operations can be performed in a different order, or simultaneously. Additionally, in some aspects of the description, not all operations described here need to be performed.
[0029] Referring to Figs. 9, 13 and 14, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes moving the extrusion nozzle 300 in the construction plane 700 of the system of three-dimensional printing, that is, the apparatus 320, along, for example, the tool path 710, so that layers 1200, 1201 of material 720 are deposited (Fig. 15, Block 1505). Referring to Fig. 14, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes extruding material 720 as globule 1210 with a section general rectangular cross section (Fig. 15, Block 1506). Each of the globules 1210 includes four sides S1-S4. As illustrated in Fig. 14, the cross-sectional dimensions of two of the sides S3, S4 are larger than those of the other two sides S1, S2. In other respects, the cross-sectional dimensions of the S1-S4 sides can be substantially the same length. In still other aspects, the cross-sectional dimensions of the sides S3, S4 may be smaller than those of the other two sides S1, S2. In one aspect of the description, which can include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes keeping the outlet opening 304B tangent to the tool path 710, so that the side sides S1, S2 of the globules 1210 are substantially aligned with the path of the tool 710 and / or the side sides S1, S2 of the previously deposited globules 1210 (Fig. 15, Block 1507).
[0030] As shown in Fig. 13, in one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes extruding the
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 21/66 / 23 material 720 in a direction not parallel to the rotating geometry axis 303 (Fig. 15, Block 1508). In one example, material 720 may come out of the outlet opening 304B of the extrusion nozzle 300 in a direction generally perpendicular to the geometry axis 303. In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the examples and previous and / or following aspects, the method also includes extruding material 720 substantially parallel to the rotary geometry axis 303, so that material 720 can be driven under pressure, for example, by extrusion through the outlet opening 304B, in the layer previously deposited 1210, which can improve the adhesion between the layers (Fig. 15, Block 1509).
[0031] In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes controlling the flow of material 720 extruded through outlet opening 304B with controller 321 , for example, to maintain a predetermined pressure in cavity 304 and control the amount of material being deposited (Fig. 15, Block 1510). In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes maintaining an outlet pressure at outlet opening 304B that is at least as high as a pressure inlet opening 304A (Fig. 15, Block 1511). In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes maintaining a substantially linear pressure gradient between inlet end 301 and outlet end 302 (Fig. 15, Block 1512). In one aspect, the outlet pressure and / or pressure gradient can be maintained by controlling the flow of material 720 and / or by the taper of the cavity 304.
[0032] In one aspect of the description, which can include at least one
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 22/66 / 23 portion of the material of any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the method also includes forming the extrusion nozzle 300 by additive metal fabrication (Fig. 15, Block 1513). In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the material from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the extrusion nozzle 300 is formed by laser sintering (Fig. 15, Block 1514). In one aspect of the description, which may include at least a portion of the matter from any of the previous and / or following examples and aspects, the extrusion nozzle 300 is formed as a monolithic element (Fig. 15, Block 1515).
[0033] Illustrative but not exhaustive examples, which may or may not be claimed, of the matter according to the present description are provided in clauses A1-B44, below.
[0034] A1. An apparatus 320 comprising:
an extrusion nozzle 300 including:
an inlet end 301;
an outlet end 302 opposite the inlet end 301;
a geometry axis 303 extending between the input end 301 and the output end 302, wherein the extrusion nozzle 300 is configured to rotate about the geometry axis 303;
a rotary actuating engagement portion 305 between the input end 301 and the output end 302; and a cavity 304 including an inlet opening 304A at the inlet end 301 and an outlet opening 304B at the outlet end 302, where the inlet opening 304A has a different configuration than the outlet opening 304B.
[0035] A2. The apparatus 320 of clause A1, wherein the cavity 304 includes a taper 304T.
[0036] A3. The apparatus 320 of clause A2, in which the taper 304T
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 23/66 / 23 is smooth.
[0037] A4. The apparatus 320 of any of clauses A2 to A3, wherein the cavity 304 is narrower near the outlet end 302 than near the inlet end 301.
[0038] A5. Apparatus 320 of any of clauses A1 to A4, wherein cavity 304 includes a circular cross section.
[0039] A6. Apparatus 320 of any of clauses A1 to A4, wherein cavity 304 includes a non-circular cross section.
[0040] A7. Apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A6, wherein apparatus 320 additionally includes at least one heating element 315 thermally coupled with extrusion nozzle 300.
[0041] A8. The apparatus 320 of clause A7, wherein the cavity 304 involves at least one heating element 315.
[0042] A9. The apparatus 320 of clause A7, wherein the heating element 315 is further away from the axis 303 than the cavity 304.
[0043] A10. Apparatus 320 of any of clauses A1 to A9, wherein cavity 304 has a path 400 that is substantially linear.
[0044] A11. Apparatus 320 of any of clauses A1 to A8, wherein cavity 304 has a path 400 that is substantially non-linear.
[0045] A12. Apparatus 320 of clause A11, wherein path 400 of cavity 304 is a winding path.
[0046] A13. The apparatus 320 of clause A12, in which the winding path is a spiral path.
[0047] A14. The apparatus 320 of clause A13, wherein the spiral path is positioned around at least one heating element 315 disposed at least partially within the extrusion nozzle 300.
[0048] A15. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A14, wherein the outlet opening 304B has a non-circular shape.
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 24/66 / 23
[0049] A16. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A14, wherein the outlet opening 304B has a circular shape.
[0050] A17. Apparatus 320 of any of clauses A1 to A16, wherein outlet opening 304B is a non-flat opening.
[0051] A18. Apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A17, wherein inlet opening 304A has a non-circular shape.
[0052] A19. Apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A17, wherein inlet opening 304A has a circular shape.
[0053] A20. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A19, wherein the outlet opening 304B is formed at least partially in a lateral portion of the extrusion nozzle 300.
[0054] A21. Apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A20, wherein the rotatingly engaged engagement portion 305 is symmetrical about the geometry axis 303.
[0055] A22. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A21, wherein the rotary actuating engagement portion 305 circumscribes at least partially the geometry axis 303.
[0056] A23. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A22, wherein the rotatable actuating engagement portion 305 comprises one of a pulley 305B, a sprocket 305C or a gear 305A.
[0057] A24. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1-A23, wherein the apparatus 320 is a three-dimensional printing system comprising:
a construction platform 323 with a construction plan 700; and a printing unit 310 including the extrusion nozzle 300, wherein the printing unit 310 and the construction platform 323 are mobile relative to each other.
[0058] A25. The apparatus 320 of clause A24, in which the unit of
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. The print 310 additionally includes a rotary drive 314 configured to engage the rotatable drive engagement portion 305 and rotate the extrusion nozzle 300 about geometry axis 303.
[0059] A26. The apparatus 320 of clause A25, in which the rotary drive 314 is configured to directly drive the rotary drive coupling portion 305.
[0060] A27. The apparatus 320 of any of the clauses A24 to
A26, wherein the printing unit 310 includes a feed unit 313 configured to supply material 720 in the inlet opening 304A.
[0061] A28. The apparatus 320 of any of the clauses A24 to
A27, wherein the printing unit 310 includes a first linear drive 311 and a second linear drive 312 configured to move the extrusion nozzle 300 on the construction plane 700.
[0062] A29. The apparatus 320 of any of the clauses A24 to
A28, wherein the three-dimensional printing system additionally includes a third linear drive 322 configured to move the construction platform 323 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the construction plan 700.
[0063] A30. The apparatus 320 of any of the clauses A24 to
A29, wherein the three-dimensional printing system includes a controller 321 configured to control movement of the extrusion nozzle 300 and the extrusion of material 720 on the construction platform 323.
[0064] A31. The apparatus 320 of any of clauses A1 to A30, wherein a length of the cavity 304 is greater than the length of the extrusion nozzle 300.
[0065] A32. The apparatus 320 of any one of clauses A1 to A31, wherein the extrusion nozzle 300 is monolithic.
[0066] B33. Method for extruding material, the method comprising:
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 26/66 / 23 provide an extrusion nozzle 300 including a rotary actuating engagement portion 305, an inlet end 301, an inlet opening 304A at the inlet end 301, an outlet end 302 and an outlet opening 304B in the outlet end 302; and moving the extrusion nozzle 300 along a tool path 710 and simultaneously rotating the extrusion nozzle 300 about a rotary geometry axis 303 using the rotary actuating engagement portion 305 to maintain the outlet opening 304B of the nozzle. extrusion 300 in a predetermined orientation with respect to tool path 710 during extrusion of material 720 through outlet opening 304B.
[0067] B34. The method of clause B33, further comprising extruding material 720 as a globule 1210 with a generally rectangular cross section.
[0068] B35. The method of any of clauses B33 to B34, further comprising extruding material 720 in a direction not parallel to the rotating geometry axis 303.
[0069] B36. The method of any of clauses B33 to B34, further comprising extruding material 720 substantially parallel with the rotary geometry axis 303.
[0070] B37. The method of any of clauses B33 to B36, further comprising maintaining an outlet pressure at outlet opening 304B that is at least as high as an inlet pressure at inlet opening 304A.
[0071] B38. The method of any one of clauses B33 to B37, further comprising maintaining a substantially linear pressure gradient between the inlet end 301 and the outlet end 302.
[0072] B39. The method of any of clauses B33 to B38, further comprising forming the extrusion nozzle 300 by additive metal fabrication.
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 27/66 / 23
[0073] B40. The method of clause B39, in which the extrusion nozzle 300 is formed by laser sintering.
[0074] B41. The method of any of clauses B39 to B40, wherein the extrusion nozzle 300 is formed as a monolithic element.
[0075] B42. The method of any of clauses B33 to B41, additionally comprising maintaining the outlet opening 304B tangent to the tool path 710.
[0076] B43. The method of any of clauses B33 to B42, further comprising moving the extrusion nozzle 300 on a construction plane 700 of a three-dimensional printing system.
[0077] B44. The method of any of the clauses B33-B43, further comprising controlling the flow of extruded material through the outlet opening 304B with a controller 321.
[0078] Different examples and aspects of the device and methods are described here that include a variety of components, features and functionality. It should be understood that the various examples and aspects of the apparatus and methods described here may include any of the components, features and functionality of any of the other examples and aspects of the apparatus and methods described here in any combination, and all such possibilities must be within the spirit and scope of this description.
[0079] Having the benefit of the precepts presented in the previous description and in the associated drawings, many modifications of the described material will become apparent to those versed in the technique to which this description refers. Therefore, it should be understood that the description is not limited to the specific examples and aspects provided and that its modifications must be within the scope of the attached claims. Furthermore, although the description presented and the associated drawings describe certain illustrative combinations of elements and / or functions, it should be realized that different combinations of elements and / or functions can be carried out without departing from the scope of the attached claims.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1]
1. Apparatus (320) for extruding material, comprising: an extrusion nozzle (300) including:
an inlet end (301);
an outlet end (302) opposite the inlet end (301);
a geometry axis (303) extending between the input end (301) and the output end (302), where the extrusion nozzle (300) is configured to rotate about the geometry axis (303);
a rotatable actuating engagement portion (305) between the inlet end (301) and the outlet end (302);
at least one heating element (315) thermally coupled with an extrusion nozzle (300); and a cavity (304) including an inlet opening (304A) at the inlet end (301) and an outlet opening (304B) at the outlet end (302), where the inlet opening (304A) has a different configuration the outlet opening (304B), characterized by the fact that the cavity has a path (400) that is non-linear, and a length of the cavity (304) is greater than the length of the extrusion nozzle (300).
[2]
Apparatus (320) according to claim 1, characterized in that the path (400) of the cavity (304) is a sinuous path.
[3]
Apparatus (320) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the winding path is a spiral path.
[4]
Apparatus (320) according to claim 3, characterized in that the spiral path is positioned around at least one heating element (315) disposed at least partially within the extrusion nozzle (300).
[5]
5. Apparatus (320) according to any of the
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 29/66
2/3 claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the cavity (304) surrounds the at least one heating element (315).
[6]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating element (315) is further away from the geometry axis (303) than the cavity (304).
[7]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cavity is narrower near the outlet end (302) than the inlet end (301).
[8]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the outlet opening (304B) has a non-circular shape.
[9]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outlet opening (304B) is a non-flat opening.
[10]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the outlet opening (304B) is formed at least partially in a lateral portion of the extrusion nozzle (300).
[11]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it constitutes a three-dimensional printing system comprising:
a construction platform (323) having a construction plan (700); and a printing unit (310) including an extrusion nozzle (300), wherein the printing unit (310) and the construction platform (323) are relatively mobile with each other.
[12]
Apparatus (320) according to claim 11, wherein the printing unit (310) includes a feed unit (313)
Petition 870200034664, of 03/16/2020, p. 30/66
3/3 configured to provide material (720) at the inlet opening (304A).
[13]
Apparatus (320) according to either of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the printing unit (310) includes a first linear drive (311) and a second linear drive (312) configured to move the nozzle extrusion (300) in the construction plan (700).
[14]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the three-dimensional printing system further includes a third linear drive (322) configured to move the construction platform (323) in a perpendicular direction to the construction plan (700)
[15]
Apparatus (320) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the three-dimensional printing system includes a controller (321) configured to control movement of the extrusion nozzle (300) and the extrusion of the material (720) on the construction platform (323).

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US20170120516A1|2017-05-04|

US9550319B2|2017-01-24|

RU2670923C9|2018-12-13|

BR102015000314B8|2020-07-14|

US20150224699A1|2015-08-13|

CN104827639B|2019-03-26|

RU2670923C2|2018-10-25|

BR102015000314A2|2016-07-26|

CA2869641A1|2015-08-07|

JP2020128091A|2020-08-27|

US9669582B2|2017-06-06|

RU2014144125A3|2018-05-25|

JP2015147414A|2015-08-20|

JP2018167585A|2018-11-01|

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法律状态:
2016-07-26| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|

2018-02-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-12-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2020-05-12| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2020-06-16| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/01/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

2020-07-14| B16C| Correction of notification of the grant [chapter 16.3 patent gazette]|Free format text: REF. RPI 2580 DE 16/06/2020 QUANTO AO ENDERECO. |

优先权:

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US14/174,892|US9550319B2|2014-02-07|2014-02-07|Extrusion apparatus and method|

US14/174,892|2014-02-07|

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